The volcanic islands which straddle the equator in the South Pacific lie about 600 miles from the west coast of South America. Officially discovered March 10th, 1535 by the Bishop of Panama, there are 13 large islands, 6 smaller ones and 107 islets and rocks which make up a province belonging to the Republic of Ecuador. In 1959 Ecuador designated 3% of the surface area for human settlement in the archipelago while the remaining 97% became the Galapagos National Park. In 1986 the Galapagos Marine Resources Reserve was established, protecting the waters around the archipelago. San Cristobal, Santa Cruz, Isabella and Isla Santa Maria are the only islands where small population centers occurs. Isla Baltra remains a military base and the airport for Isla Santa Cruz. |